Normy

Obsah

ČSN EN IEC 60086-4 ed.4 Tato část IEC 60086 stanoví zkoušky a požadavky týkající se primárních lithiových baterií pro zajištění jejich bezpečného provozu při zamýšleném použití a při rozumně předvídatelném nesprávném použití.

Obsah

ČSN EN ISO 16637 This International Standard specifies the minimum requirements for the design of professional programmes to monitor workers exposed to the risk of internal contamination via inhalation by the use of radionuclides as unsealed sources in nuclear medicine imaging and therapy departments. It establishes principles for the development of compatible goals and requirements for monitoring programmes and, when adequate, dose assessment. It presents procedures and assumptions for the risk analysis, for the monitoring programmes, and for the standardized interpretation of monitoring data. This International Standard addresses the following items: a) purposes of monitoring and monitoring programmes; b) description of the different categories of monitoring programmes; c) quantitative criteria for conducting monitoring programmes; d) suitable methods for monitoring and criteria for their selection; e) information that has to be collected for the design of a monitoring programme; f) general requirements for monitoring programmes (e.g. detection limits, tolerated uncertainties); g) frequencies of measurements; h) procedures for dose assessment based on reference levels for routine and special monitoring programmes; i) assumptions for the selection of dose-critical parameter values; j) criteria for determining the significance of individual monitoring results; k) interpretation of workplace monitoring results; l) uncertainties arising from dose assessments and interpretation of bioassays data; m) reporting/documentation; n) quality assurance. This International Standard does not address the following: - monitoring and internal dosimetry for the workers exposed to laboratory use of radionuclides such as radioimmunoassay techniques; - monitoring and internal dosimetry for the workers involved in the operation, maintenance, and servicing of PET cyclotrons; - detailed descriptions of measuring methods and techniques; - dosimetry for litigation cases; - modelling for the improvement of internal dosimetry; - the potential influence of medical treatment of the internal contamination; - the investigation of the causes or implications of an exposure; - dosimetry for ingestion exposures and for contaminated wounds.

Obsah

ČSN EN ISO 16639 This document provides guidelines and performance criteria for sampling airborne radioactive substances in the workplace. Emphasis is on health protection of workers in the indoor environment. This document provides best practices and performance-based criteria for the use of air sampling devices and systems, including retrospective samplers and continuous air monitors. Specifically, this document covers air sampling program objectives, design of air sampling and monitoring programs to meet program objectives, methods for air sampling and monitoring in the workplace, and quality assurance to ensure system performance toward protecting workers against unnecessary inhalation exposures. The primary purpose of the surveillance of airborne activity concentrations in the workplace is to evaluate and mitigate inhalation hazards to workers in facilities where these can become airborne. A comprehensive surveillance program can be used to - determine the effectiveness of administrative and engineering controls for confinement, - measure activity concentrations of radioactive substances, - alert workers to high activity concentrations in the air, - aid in estimating worker intakes when bioassay methods are unavailable, - determine signage or posting requirements for radiation protection, and - determine appropriate protective equipment and measures. Air sampling techniques consist of two general approaches. The first approach is retrospective sampling, in which the air is sampled, the collection medium is removed and taken to a radiation detector system and analysed for radioactive substance, and the concentration results made available at a later time. In this context, the measured air concentrations are evaluated retrospectively. The second approach is continuous real-time air monitoring so that workers can be warned that a significant release of airborne radioactivity may have just occurred. In implementing an effective air sampling program, it is important to achieve a balance between the two general approaches. The specific balance depends on hazard level of the work and the characteristics of each facility. A special component of the second approach which can apply, if properly implemented, is the preparation of continuous air monitoring instrumentation and protocols. This enables radiation protection monitoring of personnel that have been trained and fitted with personal protective equipment (PPE) that permit pre-planned, defined, extended stay time in elevated concentrations of airborne radioactive substances. Such approaches can occur either as part of a planned re-entry of a contaminated area following an accidental loss of containment for accident assessment and recovery, or part of a project which involves systematic or routine access to radioactive substances (e.g. preparing process material containing easily aerosolized components), or handling objects such as poorly characterized waste materials that may contain radioactive contaminants that could be aerosolized when handled during repackaging. In this special case, the role of continuous air monitoring is to provide an alert to health physics personnel that the air concentrations of concern have exceeded a threshold such that the planned level of protection afforded by PPE has been or could be exceeded. This level would typically be many 10's or 100's of times higher than the derived air concentration (DAC) established for unprotected workers. The monitoring alarm or alert would therefore be designed not to be confused with the normal monitoring alarm, and the action taken in response would be similarly targeted at the specific site and personnel involved. The air sampling strategy should be designed to minimize internal exposures and balanced with social, technical, economic, practical, and public policy considerations that are associated with the use of the radioactive substance. A comprehensive air sampling strategy should also consider that the air sampling program is only one element of a broader radiation protection program. Therefore, individuals involved with the air sampling program should interact with personnel working in other elements of the radiation protection program, such as contamination control and internal dosimetry. This document does not address outdoor air sampling, effluent monitoring, or radon measurements.

Obsah

ČSN EN ISO 34101-4 This document specifies requirements for certification schemes for sustainable and traceable cocoa, including the certification of cocoa bean producing organizations and cocoa supply chain actors. It is to be used jointly with ISO 34101-1, ISO 34101-2 and/or ISO 34101-3. This document also specifies the requirements for cocoa sustainability management systems: - at entry level, see Annex A; - at medium level, see Annex B. NOTE - ISO 34101-1 specifies the requirements for cocoa sustainability management systems at high level. Only organizations that fulfil both the cocoa sustainability management system requirements of either ISO 34101-1 or Annex A or B, and the performance requirements of ISO 34101-2 can claim their cocoa beans have been sustainably produced.

Obsah

ČSN EN ISO 17678 This document specifies a reference method for the determination of milk fat purity using gas chromatographic analysis of triglycerides. The method utilizes the differences in triglyceride fingerprint of milk fat from the individual triglyceride fingerprints of other fats and oils to determine samples which are outside the range normally observed for milk fat. This is achieved by using the defined triglyceride formulae based on the normalized weighted sum of individual triglyceride peaks which are sensitive to the integrity of the milk[6][7]. The integrity of the milk fat can be determined by comparing the result of these formulae with those previously observed for a range of pure milk fat samples[12]. Both vegetable fats and animal fats such as beef tallow and lard can be detected. The method is applicable to bulk milk, or products made thereof, irrespective of the variation in common feeding practices, breed or lactation conditions. In particular, the method is applicable to fat extracted from milk products purporting to contain pure milk fat with unchanged composition, such as butter, cream, milk and milk powder.

Obsah

ČSN EN ISO 16014-5 This document specifies a general method for determining the average molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution of polymers using SEC-LS, i.e. size-exclusion chromatography coupled with light-scattering detection. The average molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution are calculated from molecular weight data and weight concentrations determined continuously with elution time. The molecular weight at each elution time is determined absolutely by combining a light-scattering detector with a concentration-sensitive detector. Therefore, SEC-LS is classified as an absolute method. This method is applicable to linear homopolymers and to nonlinear homopolymers such as branched, star-shaped, comb-like, stereo-regular and stereo-irregular polymers. It can also be applied to heterophasic copolymers whose molecular composition cannot vary. However, SEC-LS is not applicable to block, graft or heterophasic copolymers whose molecular composition can vary. And the methods are applicable to molecular weights ranging from that of the monomer to 3 000 000, but are not intended for samples that contain > 30 % of components having a molecular weight < 1 000.

Obsah

ČSN EN ISO 17556 This document specifies a method for determining the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in soil by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer or the amount of carbon dioxide evolved. The method is designed to yield an optimum degree of biodegradation by adjusting the humidity of the test soil. If a non-adapted soil is used as an inoculum, the test simulates the biodegradation processes which take place in a natural environment; if a pre-exposed soil is used, the method can be used to investigate the potential biodegradability of a test material. This method applies to the following materials: - natural and/or synthetic polymers, copolymers or mixtures of these; - plastic materials which contain additives such as plasticizers or colorants; - water-soluble polymers. It does not necessarily apply to materials which, under the test conditions, inhibit the activity of the microorganisms present in the soil. Inhibitory effects can be measured using an inhibition control or by another suitable method. If the test material inhibits the microorganisms in the soil, a lower test material concentration, another type of soil or a pre-exposed soil can be used.

Obsah

ČSN EN ISO 307 This document specifies a method for the determination of the viscosity number of dilute solutions of polyamides in certain specified solvents. The method is applicable to the polyamides designated PA 46, PA 6, PA 66, PA 69, PA 610, PA 612, PA 11, PA 12, PA 6T/66, PA 6I/6T, PA 6T/6I/66, PA 6T/6I, PA 6I/6T/66 and PA MXD6 as defined in ISO 16396-1, as well as to copolyamides, compounds of polyamides and other polyamides that are soluble in one of the specified solvents under the specified conditions. The method is not applicable to polyamides produced by anionic polymerization of lactams or produced with cross-linking agents; such polyamides are normally insoluble in the specified solvents. The viscosity number is determined by the general procedure specified in ISO 1628 1, observing the particular conditions specified in this document.

Obsah

ČSN P CEN ISO/TS 21003-7 This document gives requirements and guidance for the assessment of conformity of compounds, products, and assemblies in accordance with the applicable part(s) of ISO 21003 intended to be included in the manufacturer's quality plan as part of the quality management system and for the establishment of certification procedures. In conjunction with the other parts of ISO 21003 (see Foreword), this document is applicable to multilayer piping systems intended to be used for hot and cold water installations within buildings for the conveyance of water, whether or not intended for human consumption (domestic systems) and for heating systems, under design pressures and temperatures appropriate to the class of application (see ISO 21003-1:2008, Table 1).

Obsah

ČSN EN ISO 19650-2 Tento dokument specifikuje požadavky pro management informací ve formě procesu managementu v kontextu dodací fáze aktiv a v kontextu výměn informací v této fázi při použití informačního modelování staveb. Tento dokument může být použit pro všechny typy aktiv a všemi typy a velikostmi organizací, bez ohledu na zvolenou strategii zadávání.

Obsah

ČSN EN 14055 Tato norma specifikuje konstrukční a funkční charakteristiky a metody zkoušení pro nádržkové splachovače se splachovacím zařízením, plnicí armaturou a přepadem, určené pro záchodové mísy a pisoáry. Tento dokument se vztahuje na nádržkové splachovače určené k připojení na vnitřní vodovody. Tento dokument se nevztahuje na automatické nádržkové splachovače s násoskovým vypouštěcím zařízením, určené pro splachování pisoárů.

Obsah

ČSN EN ISO/CIE 11664-1 This document specifies colour-matching functions for use in colorimetry. Two sets of colour-matching functions are specified. a) Colour-matching functions for the CIE 1931 standard colorimetric observer. This set of colour-matching functions is representative of the colour-matching properties of observers with normal colour vision for visual field sizes of angular subtense from about 1° to about 4°, for vision at photopic levels of adaptation. b) Colour-matching functions for the CIE 1964 standard colorimetric observer. This set of colour-matching functions is representative of the colour-matching properties of observers with normal colour vision for visual field sizes of angular subtense greater than about 4°, for vision at sufficiently high photopic levels and with spectral power distributions such that no participation of the rod receptors of the retina is to be expected.